© Lewes Priory Research Group 1997
ISBN 0 9530909 0 6
Cover: Lithograph by J.Rouse, Lewes Priory and Pigeon House, c1825. SAS[L] PA 203
Work will begin shortly on updating and enlarging this bibliography.
Acknowledgements
Abbreviations
Introduction
The Sources
Grateful thanks are extended to David Combes for setting the text, John Farrant for supplying information for the section on paintings and drawings, and staff of the Sussex Archaeological Society for designing the cover and patiently responding to numerous queries about the library collections.
BL - British Library.
BM - British Museum.
ESRO - East Sussex Record Office.
JBAA - Journal of the British Archaeological Association.
RPAG - Royal Pavilion Art Gallery and Museums, Brighton and Hove
SAC - Sussex Archaeological Collections.
SAS - Sussex Archaeological Society.
SAS [L] - Sussex Archaeological Society Library.
SAS [M] - Sussex Archaeological Society Museum,
SNQ - Sussex Notes and Queries.
SRS - Sussex Record Society.
SyAC - Surrey Archaeological Collections:
WSRO - West Sussex Record Office.
The aim of this guide is to identify and assemble into a coherent form the various and scattered sources for the Cluniac Priory of St Pancras at Southover. The sources are organized into three sections dealing respectively with printed material, documentary sources, and paintings and drawings. Published editions of manuscripts have been included with documentary sources.
Although material relating to the Cluniac order in particular or medieval monasticism in general is not included it is recognised that users of this guide may want to place Lewes Priory within the contexts of Cluny and the wider monastic world. The following titles are recommended for that purpose. The place of publication is London unless stated otherwise.
Cluny
Evans, J. 1931. Monastic Life at Cluny, 910-1157, Oxford.
Evans, J. 1950. Cluniac Art of the Romanesque Period, Cambridge.
Graham, R. 1929. English Ecclesiastical Studies.
Hunt, N. 1967. Cluny Under St Hugh, 1049-1109.
Hunt, N. [ed] l971. Cluniac Monasticism.
Pacaut, M. 1986. L’Ordre de Cluny, Paris.
Exposition Cluny Apogée de l’art roman, L’Objet d’Art (Hors Série No 53), Editions Faton 2010
Cluny Onze Siécles de Rayonnement. Editions du Patrimoine, Centre des Mouvements Nationaux Paris 2010 ISBN 987-2-7577-0112-6 (Neil Stratford)
Medieval Monasticism
Brooke, C. 1974. The monastic world 1000-1300.
Burton, J. 1994. Monastic and religious orders in Britain, 1100-1300, Cambridge.
Knowles, D. 2nd edition l963. The Monastic Order in England: a history of its development from the times of St Dunstan to the fourth Lateran Council, 940-1216, Cambridge,
Knowles, D. 1938-59. [3 vols] The Religious Orders in England, Cambridge.
Knowles, D. & Hadcock, R.N. 2nd edition 197l. Medieval Religious Houses: England and Wales.
Lawrence, C.H. 2nd edition 1989, Medieval Monasticism: forms of religious life in western Europe in the Middle Ages.
McCann, J. [ed] 1972. The Rule of St Benedict.
Searle, E. 1976 Lordship and Community, Battle Abbey and its Banlieu, 1066-1538. Toronto.
The standing remains and the collection of stonework from the priory at the Sussex Archaeological Society’s Museum of Local History, Anne of Cleves House, are an important source of information for the history of the fabric. The standing remains in Priory Park are permantly open and entrance is free. For details of access to the museum contact The Director, Lewes Castle and Museums. Barbican House. 169 High Street. Lewes. East Sussex, BN7 IYE. Tel. (01273) 486290.
Much of the material listed in this guide is to be found in the members’ reference library of the Sussex Archaeological Society at Barbican House. Non-members may use this library by appointment with the Honorary Librarian at the address given above.
lt is in the nature of first editions of a guide such as this that material which should have been included has been overlooked. lf you consider that particular sources should be included in a future edition the Lewes Priory Research Group would like to hear from you. Suggestions on this or any other matter relating to the guide may be addressed to the Group c/o Lewes District Council, 32 High Street. Lewes, East Sussex, BN7 2LX.
Passing references to Lewes Priory are made in articles and books that deal with more general topics, Such references have not been listed here. The index volumes of Sussex Archaeological Collections and Sussex Notes and Queries, and the Sussex Record Society publications in particular will provide many such references for the researcher. Bibliographies contained
within some of the sources listed deal with more specialised aspects of research.
______ 1845. Interesting Discovery at Lewes, The Illustrated London News, Nov. 151 & 8111.
Anderson, F.E.M. 1984. The Tournai Marble Sculptures of Lewes Priory, SAC 122, 85-100.
Anderson, F.E.M. 1986. The Romanesque Sculptures of Lewes Priory, Unpublished PhD. University of London. MS in SAS [L]
Anderson, F.E.M. 1988. Tournai Marble Sculptures at the Priory of St Pancras at Lewes, East Sussex. Revue Belge d'archeologie et d'histoire de l'art 57, 23-49.
Anderson, F.E.M. 1989. Two Romanesque Capitals, SAC 127, 49-59.
Anderson, F.E.M. 1989. St. Pancras Priory Lewes; its architectural development to 1200, Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies 11,1-35.
Anderson, F.E.M. 1990. A quadrangular capital sculptured on each side, Essays in honour of John White. 8-13.
Anderson, F.E.M. 1992. Uxor Mea: The first wife of the first William of Warenne, SAC 130, 107-129.
Baker, A. 1942. Lewes Priory and the early group of wall paintings in Sussex, Walpole Society 31, 1-44.
Barlow, F. 1981. William I’s relations with Cluny, Journal of Ecclesiastical History 32 no.2, 131-1-11.
Binns, A. 1989. Dedications of Monastic Houses in England and Wales 1066-1216, Woodbridge.5
Blaauw, W.H. 1849, On the early history of Lewes Priory and its seals. SAC 2. 7-311
Blaauw, W. H. 1850. The Cluniac Priory of St Pancras at Lewes. its Priors and Monks. SAC 3. 185-210
Blair, J. 1980. The Surrey Endowments of Lewes Priory before 1200, SvAC 72. 97-126.
Blair, J. 1991. Early Medieval Surrey, Alan Sutton and Surrey Archaeological Society.
Boyson, A. 1900. On encaustic tiles and other objects recently discovered at Lewes Priory. SAC 43. 21-1-220.
Butler, C. 1996. Recent Archaeological Work at Pyecombe church, West Sussex SAC 213-217.
Carpenter, D. 1987. The Battles of Lewes and Evesham 1264/65, Keele,
Clark, M. 1995. The Early Endowment of Lewes Priory with special reference to its spiritual possessions c1077-1200 [contains bibliography]. Unpublished M.Phil. thesis, University of Reading Department of History.
Cowdrey, H.E.J. 1990. William I’s Relations with Cluny, Monastic Studies, 75-85, Bangor.
Chandler, V. 1990. Gundrada de Warenne and the Victorian Gentleman-Scholars, Southern History 12. 68-81. '
Connell. J.M. 1931. Lewes, its Religious History.
Crook, B.M. c1940. The History of Lewes Priory in the 12th and 13th centuries. Unpublished B.Litt.. University of Oxford. MS in SAC[L]
Crook, B.M. 1940, General History of Lewes Priory in the 12th and 13th centuries, SAC 81, 68-96.
Crook, B.M. 19-12. The Charters of Lewes Priory. SAC 82, 73-95.
Dunvan, P. 1795. Ancient and Modern History of Lewes and Brighthelmston 381-420, Lewes.
Eames, E. 1980. Catalogue of Medieval Lead-Glazed Earthenware Tiles, British Museum.
Everson, P. 2005. Lewes Priory Sussex, The Post Dissolution Mansion and Gardens of Lords Place. Survey Report in Archaeological Investigation Report Series AI/7/2005 English Heritage 2005 [contains bibliography] ISBN 1478-7008.
Farrer, W. 1925. Honours and Knights Fees 3, Manchester.
Figg W. 1854. On ‘The Lantern’ in the Cluniac Priory of St. Pancras Lewes, SAC 7, 150-157.
Gage, J. 1831. Letter to Henry Petrie and Drawings of the remains of the Prior of Lewes` Hostelry [in Southwark] Archaeologia 23, 299-309.
Galbraith, V.H. 1924. Press marks on the deeds of Lewes Priory, SAC 65, 196-205.
Galbraith, V.H. 1954, Osbert, dean of Lewes, English Historical Review 69, 289-302.
Godfrey, W.H. 1927. The Priory of St Pancras, Lewes. A short historical guide to the ruins at Southover, Lewes.
Godfrey, W.H. 1946. Architectural Fragments, SAC 85, 110-113.
Godfrey, W.H. 1952. English cloister lavatories as independent structures, JBAA 106 supplement, 91-97.
Golding, B. 1980, The Coming of the Cluniacs, Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies 3, 65-77.
Graham, R. 1922. The Cluniac Order and its English Province, JBAA news. 28 169-174.
Graham, R. 1952. A History of the Buildings of the English Province of the order of Cluny, JBAA 3rd s. 15, I3-30.
Gwilt, G.E. 1834. Drawings of a Crypt [on the site of the (Southwark) hostelry of the Prior of Lewes] Archaeologia 25, 604-606.
Grose, F. 1780. The Antiquities of England and Wales, 171-178.
Hockey, F. 1983. Immunity, exemption and the Sussex monasteries, Southern History 5, 27-37.
Hope, W.H. St John. 1884. The Archaeological History of the Cluniac Priory at Lewes, Archaeological Journal 41, 1-34.
Hope, W.H. St John. 1886. The Archaeological History of the Cluniac Priory of St Pancras at Lewes, SAC 34, 71-106.
Hope, W.H. St John. 1906. The Cluniac Priory of St Pancras at Lewes, SAC 49, 66-88.
Horsfield, T.W. 1824. The History and Antiquities of Lewes and its Vicinity 1, Lewes.
Horsfield, T.W. 1832. Supplement to The Historv and Antiquities. Available to subscribers. Scarce. Photocopy in SAS[L]
Ker, N.R. 1964. Medieval Libraries of Great Britain.
Kitch, M.J. 1981. The Reformation in Sussex, Studies in Sussex Church History, University of Sussex.
Knowles, D. et al. 1972. Heads of religious Houses in England and Wales 940-1216, Cambridge.
Leroquais, V. 1935. Le Bréviaire-Missel du Prieuré Clunisien de Lewes, Collection Georges Moreau, Paris.
Lewis, R. 1972-79. Archaeology at the Cluniac Priory of St Pancras. Southover, Lewes; summary reports. Typescripts in SAS[L].
Lewis, R & Allen, M. 1987. The Priory of St Pancras. Southover, Aspects of Archaeology in the Lewes Area, 32-42. Lewes.
Lower, M.A. c1846. A Hand-Book for Lewes..... (with notices of the recent discoveries at the Priory), 28-36, 1 15-126.
Lower, M.A. 1846. Report on Antiquities lately found at Lewes, JBAA 1, 346-357.
Lower, M.A. 1847. Further report on discoveries at Lewes, JBAA 2, 104-108, 342-343.
Lyne, M.A.B. 1993. Excavations at Lewes Priory. (text of Emil Godfrey lecture). MS in SAS[L]
Lyne, M.A.B. 1997, Lewes Priory: Excavations by Richard Lewis 1969-82, Lewes
Mantell, G.A. 1846. A day 's ramble in and about the ancient town of Lewes.
Mantell, G.A. 1846, A few remarks on the discovery of the remains of William de Warren and his wife Gundrad, Archaeologia 31, 43U-437.
Marsden, F. 1983. Lewes Priory Mount, .SAC 121, 69-72.
Park, D. 1983. The ‘Lewes Group' of Wall-Paintings in Sussex. Proceedings of the Battle Conference on Anglo-Norman Studies 6, 2011-237.
Poole, H. 2000. Lewes Priory, The Site and Its History, Lewes Priory Trust ISBN 0-9530839-1-8
Rector, W. 1955. Notes concerning Priory ruins. MS in SAS[L|
Romilly, Allen J. 1893-95. A sculptured Norman capital from Lewes Priory, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries 15, 202-209.
Salzman, L.F. 1907. Priory of Lewes, Victoria County History, Sussex 2, 65-71.
Salzman L. F. 1940 Victoria County History, Sussex, 7.
Salzman, L.F. I953, The Property of the Earl of Arundel 1397, SAC 9l_ 32-53
Salzman L.F. l95-l, Sussex religious at the dissolution. SAC (f92, 24-37.
Schwarzbaum, E. l93l_ Three Tournai Tomb slabs in England, Gesta 20, 89-97
Sharp-Paul, E. 1994, In Search of Lewes Priory. MS in SAS[L]
Smith, J. T. 1964 A note of the architectural history of Lewes Priory, SAC 102 33~38.
Spurrell F. 1853. Architectural relics of Lewes Priory, SAC 6, 253-264.
Taylor, J. [ed] 1850, On the Great Cluniac Priory at Southover, The Sussex Garland, 257-267, Newick.
Taylor, J. 1851 Historical Account of the Great Cluniac Priory at Southover, Newick.
Thirlby M. 1982, A Twelfth Century Figure Fragment from Lewes Priory, SAC 120, 215-222.
Watson, J. 1782, Memoirs of the Ancient Earls of Warren and Surrey and their Descendents to this present times the present times, 1&2, Warrington.
Zarnecki, G. 1983. Gundrada’s Tombstone at Lewes, (notes for Emil Godfrey lecture). MS in SAS[L]
Zarnecki, G. et al. 1984 Eng!ish Romanesque Art 1066-1200 [Hayward Gallery Exhibition Catalogue].
A comprehensive list of documentary sources will not be possible until more detailed research has been done into the history of the Priory. Below, however, is listed a selection of sources which have been published in transcript, translation or calendar form, followed by three especially important series of unpublished documents.
ln addition the following contain a wealth of material which should not be overlooked, the published calendars of charter, close, fine and patent rolls, of papal letters and letters and papers of Henry VIII (for the period of the dissolution). The Rolls Series and the publications of the Canterbury and York Society contain transcripts of archbishops’ registers which include many Lewes Priory references. The surviving registers of the Bishops of Chichester from 1397 are held by WSRO (Ep l/l), microfilm copies are available in ESRO (XA 23/10-12).
Published
----------- 1890-1915 Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds in the Public Record Office I-6 [especially 3].
----------- 1978. Exchequer Treasury of Receipt Ancient Deeds, List and Index Society 151 & 152.
Blaauw, W.H. 1849 see above. (Annals l077-l3t)4)
Blair, J. |980 see above. (Texts of l2th century Surrey charters)
Budgen, W. & Salzman, L.F. [eds] I943. The Wiltshire, Devonshire and Dorsetshire portion of the Lewes Chartulary with London and Essex Documents from the Surrey Portion. SRS supplement. (also includes Cambridge, Norfolk and Surrey portions, see below)
Bullock, J.H. [ed] 1939. The Norfolk Portion of the Chartulary of the Priory of St Pancras of Lewes, Norfolk Record Society 12
Bullock, J.H. & Palmer, W.M. [eds] l938_ The Cambridgeshire Portion of the Chartulary of the Priory of St Pancras of Lewes. Cambridgeshire Antiquarian Society
Caley, J. [ed] 1810-34. Valor Ecclesiasticus tempore Henry VIII, Record Commissioners
Charvin, G. [ed] 1965-72. Statuts, Visites et Chapitres Generaux de l’Ordre de Cluny l-6. Extracts relating to Lewes Priory in SAS[L]
Chibnall, M. [ed] 1973. Ordericus Vitalis, Historia Ecclesiastica 4 Oxford. Text of memorial inscription on the tomb of William of Warenne.
Clay, C.T. [ed] 1923. The Yorkshire Portion of the Lewes Chartulary, Yorkshire Archaeological Society Journal 31.
Clay, C.T. [ed] 1949 Early Yorkshire Charters Vol VIII, The Honour of Warenne, Yorkshire Record Society Extra Series 6.
Crook, B.M. c1940 sec above. (Texts of charters pre-1200)
Daniel-Tyssen, J.R. 1871 Documents relating to Lewes Priory, SAC 25, 136-5l
Deedes, C. [ed] 1910. The Episcopal Register of Robert Rede.,.Bishop of Chichester 1397-1415, SRS 8&ll. '
Douglas, D. & Greenaway, G. [eds] 1981. English Historical Documents 1042-1189 , 648-649, Authoritative translation of the text of the foundation charter.
Duckett, G.F. 1886 Charters of the Abbey of Cluni, SAC 34, 121-127.
Duckett, G.F. 1887. Additional Material towards the history of the Priory of St. Pancras at Lewes, SAC35_ l0l-l26.
Duckett, G.F. [ed] 1888. Charters and Records among the archives of the ancient Abbey of Cluni 1077-1534. l&2. [Printed by H. Wolff, Lewes]
Duckett, G.F. [ed] 1893. Visitations and Chapters General of the order of Cluni, 1269-1405 [Printed by South Counties Press, Lewes]
Dugdalc, Sir W. 1849 Monasticon Anglicanum 5.
Edwards, E. [ed] 1866. Liber monasterii de Hyde, Rolls Series 45.
Ellis, H.J. [ed] 1912. Index to Charters and Rolls in the Department of Manuscripts British Museum.
Godfrey, W.H. [ed] 1938. Transcripts of Sussex Wills by R.Garraway Rice 3, SRS 43, 136-147.
Hamilton, N. [ed] l870. Willelmi Malmesbiriensis Monachi De Gestis Pontificum, Rolls Series 52.
Harrison, D. [ed] 1935. The Surrey Portion of the Lewes Chartulary, SyAC 43
Leedham-Green, E., Rhodes, D.E., Stubbings, F.H. [eds]. l992. Garrett Godfreys Accounts c1527-33. Cambridge Bibliographical Society. Lists books purchased by two Lewes monks.
Lehmann-Brockhaus, O. l955. Lateinische Schriftquellen zur Kunst in England, Wales & Schottland, vom jahre 901 bis zum jahre 1307. Munich.
Lieberman, F. 1902. The Annals of Lewes Priory, English Historical Review 17. 61~69. (12th century annals, very brief)
Mayr-Harting, H. [ed] l964_ The Acta of the Bishops of Chichester 1075-1207, The Canterbury and York Society 56, Torquay.
Peckham, W.D. [ed] 1946. The Chartulary of the High Church of Chichester. SRS 46.
Round, J.H. [ed] 1888. Ancient Charters Royal and Private prior to AD 1200, part 1, Pipe Roll Society 10, ll-I6.
Salzman, L.F. [ed] 1932. The Chartulary of the Priory of St Pancras at Lewes part 1. SRS 38, (Sussex portion)
Salzman, L.F. [ed] 1934. The Chartulary of the Priory of St Pancras at Lewes part 2. SRS 38, (Sussex portion)
Williams, A. & Erskine R.W.H. [eds] 1987-1990. The Sussex Domesday. Alecto Historical Edition, (or Morris, J. [ed] 1976. Domesday Book Sussex, Chichester.)
Unpublished documentary sources (in the Public Record Office unless otherwise stated)
Ancient deeds 11th-16th centuries (E 40-42)
A number but by no means all of these were copied in 1444 into the cartulary and are therefore available in published form (see above).
Account Rolls of Obedientiaries (SC 6)
(Mostly available on microfilm XA 66 in ESRO)
Account Rolls of bailiffs, beadles, etc. (SC 6)
(Mostly available on microfilm XA 66 in ESRO)
A significant though hitherto little used source for the later history of the fabric of the priory is to be found in eighteenth and earlier nineteenth century drawings and paintings. Pictures dated after 1860 have not been included as from that time the photograph became the image of record.
Prints have also been omitted although it is hoped to include them in future editions of this guide. Many appear in volumes cited in the printed sources and SAS[L] and ESRO both hold collections of individual prints of the priory.
ln the entries below, nd means not dated and PA, MA and LA refer respectively to picture, museum and library accession numbers.
Anonymous
Buckler, J. 1770-1851
Buckler, ?J.C. 1793-1894
[Both views of the Prior’s House in Southwark reproduced in C Brooke and G. Kerr, 1975. London 800-1216: ‘The Shaping of a City’]
Bunbury, H.W. 1750-1811
Cott, F.T. nd.
Fairholt, F.W. 1814-1866
Figg, S.
[SAS picture catalogue (unpublished) suggests that both views by Figg are copies of lithographs in Rouse, J. 1825. The Beauties and Antiquities of the County of Sussex]
Gaunt, C. ?-c1868
Grose, F. 1731-1791
Hare, A.
Lambert, J. junior 174l-1799
Lambert, J. senior 1725-1788
Lambert, J. ?junior/senior.
Attributed to Lambert, J. senior/junior.
Mantell, G.A. 1790-1852
Petrie, H. 1768-1842
Pocock, W.F. 1779-1849
Powell, D. c1772-1848
Verrall, F.